Vishnu IAS Academy

The Police and Custodial Violence in India: Constitutional Role vs Coercion Introduction The Indian Constitution, under Articles 21 and 22, guarantees the right to life, dignity, and procedural safeguards against arbitrary detention. In this framework, the police are envisioned as constitutional functionaries bound by law, not as instruments of coercion. Yet, custodial violence in India

Dual Residency and Lack of Portability in Voter Identity: Democratic Exclusion in India In a democracy as vast as India, with 1.4 billion citizens and over 96 crore registered voters (ECI, 2024), the principle of universal adult franchise (Article 326 of the Constitution) is foundational. Yet, millions of internal migrants face structural exclusion due to

Institutional and Governance Challenges in Agricultural Research in India | Vishnu IAS Institutional and Governance Challenges in Agricultural Research in India Agricultural research in India has historically been the cornerstone of the country’s food security and rural transformation. The Green Revolution of the 1960s, led by pioneers like M.S. Swaminathan, Norman Borlaug, and C. Subramaniam,

Digital Governance in Public Distribution System: Transforming Food Security in India Digital Governance in Public Distribution System: Transforming Food Security in India Digital governance in Public Distribution System has become a transformative tool for ensuring food security in India. By using Aadhaar-enabled authentication, e-PoS devices, ONORC portability, and real-time monitoring, the PDS is evolving into

India’s Africa Outreach: From Transactional Aid to Trust-Based Partnerships Introduction: India’s engagement with Africa has undergone a strategic transformation in the past two decades. While earlier relations were often confined to aid-driven, episodic interventions, today they are increasingly shaped by shared historical solidarities, pragmatic cooperation, and future-oriented knowledge partnerships. According to the MEA (2024), India’s

India’s Security and Political Approach to Left-Wing Extremism | Comparison with Global Counter-Insurgency Models india-security-political-approach-left-wing-extremism-global-counter-insurgency India’s Security and Political Approach to Left-Wing Extremism | Comparison with Global Counter-Insurgency Models Introduction Left-Wing Extremism (LWE), popularly known as the Naxalite/Maoist movement, is defined as an armed insurgency seeking to overthrow the Indian state through armed revolution, drawing

Reforming UGC for Academic, Administrative & Financial Autonomy in Higher Education Academic freedom is the cornerstone of higher education, enabling universities to foster critical thinking, innovation, and societal progress by allowing unfettered exploration of ideas. The University Grants Commission (UGC), established under the UGC Act of 1956, serves as India’s apex regulatory body for higher