How Narrowing ‘Loss and Damage’ Hampers India’s Climate Policy Responses Introduction Loss and Damage refers to the irreversible and residual impacts of climate change that occur beyond the limits of adaptation, encompassing not only physical destruction but also loss of lives, livelihoods, ecosystems, cultural heritage, identity, and social cohesion. Internationally, it has emerged as a […]

Neo-Colonialism: Independent in Theory, Directed from Outside Neo-colonialism refers to a condition where a formally sovereign state retains constitutional independence, international recognition, and domestic institutions, yet its economic structures, policy choices, and strategic autonomy are decisively shaped by external powers. The term gained prominence during the post-decolonisation phase of the mid-20th century, when political freedom

Introduction Strengthening the Rajya Sabha after delimitation has emerged as a crucial constitutional debate as India prepares for a major restructuring of political representation. Delimitation refers to the constitutional process of redrawing electoral boundaries and reallocating seats to reflect population changes. India’s inter-State allocation of Lok Sabha seats has been frozen since the 1971 Census,

Unsafe Land Use Practices in the Himalayas and Rising Disaster Risk Unsafe land use practices in the Himalayas have emerged as a major driver of disaster risk, intensifying landslides, flash floods, land subsidence, and ecological degradation. Activities such as indiscriminate slope cutting, poorly assessed tunnelling, and unscientific muck dumping are transforming naturally fragile mountain systems

Removal of High Court Judges in India: Constitutional Framework, Independence and Accountability Introduction The removal of High Court judges in India represents one of the most delicate constitutional questions in Indian democracy, situated at the intersection of judicial independence and democratic accountability. The Constitution consciously adopts the term “removal” rather than “impeachment” for judges, underscoring

Introduction The concept of Spheres of Influence refers to an informal geopolitical arrangement in which a powerful state claims predominant strategic, political, or security interests over a defined region, limiting the autonomy of other states and discouraging external intervention. Though never codified in international law, this practice shaped 19th- and early 20th-century imperial politics and

India–EU Free Trade Agreement: Significance for Trade, Standards and Strategic Autonomy Introduction India’s engagement with the European Union (EU) in 2026 marks a qualitative shift from traditional bilateralism to bloc-level diplomacy, reflecting the EU’s character as a 27-member regulatory and economic union rather than a single national actor. With the India–EU Free Trade Agreement emerging

Lokpal as a Constitutional Filter: Balancing Investigative Independence and Executive Protection Lokpal as a constitutional filter has emerged as a crucial governance debate in India’s anti-corruption discourse, particularly in the context of corruption probes against public servants and the tension between investigative autonomy and executive protection. Introduction Corruption poses a systemic challenge to constitutional governance,

De-dollarisation Implications for Global Financial Architecture: China and India’s Strategic Shift De-dollarisation implications have become a central theme in debates on the future of the global financial architecture. As countries like China and India experiment with reducing reliance on the U.S. dollar in trade, finance, and reserves, the long-standing dollar-centric system is witnessing cautious but

Continuing Mandamus and Environmental Governance in India: Judicial Activism vs Regulatory Capacity Continuing mandamus environmental governance India has emerged as a defining feature of judicial intervention in recent decades, raising critical questions about the balance between constitutional oversight and the autonomy of specialized environmental regulators. Introduction Environmental governance in India operates within a complex constitutional