Annual Public Enterprises Survey
  • Recently, the 60th Public Enterprises (PE) Survey 2019-20 was released by the Department of Public Enterprises (DPE), Ministry of Finance.
  • It is the single largest source of information on Central Public Sector Enterprises (CPSEs) and acts as a basis for informed policy making.
  • The government has reallocated the Department of Public Enterprises (DPE) to the finance ministry from the ministry of heavy industries.
Key Points

About Public Enterprises (PE) Survey:

  • PE Survey is a 100% enumeration of the CPSE universe. It captures essential statistical data for all CPSEs on various financial and physical parameters.
  • PE Survey divides CPSEs into five sectors namely:
  • Agriculture,
  • Mining & Exploration,
  • Manufacturing, Processing & Generation,
  • Services,
  • Enterprises Under Construction.
  • The Department of Public Enterprises (DPE) started bringing out the Public Enterprises Survey from the financial year 1960-61 on the recommendations of the Estimates Committee of the 2nd Lok Sabha, 73rd report (1959-60).

About DPE And CPSEs:

    • DPE is the nodal department for all the Central Public Sector Enterprises (CPSEs) and formulates policy pertaining to CPSEs.
  • According to DPE, CPSEs mean those Government companies, besides Statutory Corporations, wherein more than 50% of the share in equity is held by the Central Government.
  • The subsidiaries of these companies, if registered in India, are also categorized as
  • It does not cover departmentally run public enterprises, banking institutions and insurance companies.
  • CPSEs are classified into 3 categories namely Maharatna, Navratna and
  • Presently, there are 10 Maharatna, 14 Navratna and 74 Miniratna CPSEs.
Role of Central Public Sector Enterprises:
  • CPSEs in India have a twin objective of commercial efficiency and social responsibilty.
  • Besides contributing to the Government income, they discharge social obligations through their Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) actives.
  • The idea of CPSEs was conceived to eradicate the accumulated problems of:
  • Unemployment,
  • Rural-urban disparity,
  • Inter-regional and inter-class disparities,
  • Technological backwardness.
  • CPSEs envisage to develop the public sector as an instrument for self-reliant economic growth.
  • Before India got independence, it had only a few
  • These included the Railways, Post and Telegraph, Port trusts, Ordnance factories, etc.
  • Most CPSEs were set up after independence when the private sector had limited capacity for large capital intensive enterprises.
  • Challenge: The challenge for these enterprises arises out of the need for them to ensure a reasonable return on investment, while discharging their constitutional and social obligations.
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